Travel to Peru by Air
Where is Peru?: Peru lies on the central-western coast of South America, with an area of 1'285,215 square km and a population of 26 million.
International airlines operate scheduled flights to Peru's Jorge Chávez International Airport, located in Lima - Peru.
From New York - Newark, Atlanta, Miami, Houston, Los Angeles and Toronto exist direct flights to Lima. From Europe exist direct flights to Lima from Madrid and Amsterdam.
Peru has direct flights from the main cities in Latin America as Buenos Aires, Santiago, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janiero, Caracas, Bogota, Quito, Guayaquil, La Paz, Panama, Mexico, San Jose de Costa Rica.
Flights from Asia or Oceania to Peru, connection by USA or Europe.
Jorge Chávez Airport in Lima is the main gate for international flights and it's the main hub to local flights connections.
A rental light planes service also exist, and air companies for non regular flights.
Peru is a big country with long distance between the main tourist attractions. From Lima to Cuzco there are 1,165 Km (724 miles) and need 20 hours for a trip by road, and 01 hour by air.
Peruvian Airports
International flights arrivals to Peru (Airport information - real time)
International flights departures from Peru (Airport information - real time)
Airlines from North America, Central America & Caribbean to Peru
Airlines from
South America to Peru
Aero Mexico
Air Canada
American Airlines
Continental Airlines
Copa Airlines
Delta Airlines
Lacsa
Lan Chile
Lan Peru
Spirit Airlines
Taca Aerolíneas Argentinas
AeroSur
Avianca
Copa Airlines
Lan Chile
Lan Peru
Taca
Airlines from
Europe to Peru
Peruvian Airlines -
Domestic flights
Air France
Alitalia
British Airways
Iberia
KLM
Lan Peru
Lufthansa Lan Peru
Star Peru
Taca Peru
LC Busre
Before departure - Confirming Reservations
Scheduled departures should be reconfirmed with the airline office at least 72 hours in advance, as reservations may otherwise be cancelled. Please indicate any special services required ( dietary restrictions, etc.) on reconfirmation.
Before departure - Airline Check In
Passengers must check in at Jorge Chávez International Airport at least two hours before departure time. All international departing passengers are required to pay an airport tax (Airport tax US $ 28 and Tourist Promotion US $ 15). For domestic flights are required to pay an airport tax (Airport tax US $ 6).
Transportation from / to the airport in Lima.
Airport - Hotel or City: In the international or national exit you can take a official taxi, it's a secure service. (US $ 15 approximately).
Hotel to airport: It is recommended that you request the taxi service in the hotel.
A service of shuttle buses also exists, charging a fixed rate per passenger the mini-bus will pick up passengers and their baggage from anywhere in Lima, San Isidro or Miraflores.
Some hotels in our system offer the transfer from / to the airport.
Travel into Peru by Bus
Buses are the most popular means of interurban transportation in Peru. Fares are reasonable and service is regular.
Cruz del Sur is the Peruvian leader company in transport of passengers by the roads and highways of Peru, with more than 42 years of experience in the market of travelers. You can reserve and buy bus tickets in our system.
Travel into Peru by Train
PeruRail links the tourist highlights of the Andes. It operates from historic Cusco to the famous ruins at Machu Picchu; to Puno and Lake Titicaca; to Arequipa and the Colca Canyon where the condors fly. Along the way, on all these routes, is scenery of staggering beauty.
Since PeruRail's formation in 1999, services have been upgraded to the highest standards of comfort, safety and convenience.
Specially designed first-class carriages have been added to most trains, with excellent dining services and improved washroom facilities. In addition, there are now observation cars for unhindered viewing of the magnificent landscape.
*
Reserve train tickets Cuzco to Machu Picchu
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Reserve train tickets Cuzco / Puno - Lake Titicaca / Cuzco
Travel into Peru by Sea
Some shipping lines offer regular sailings from USA or Europe to the Peruvian port of Callao. Some cruises also include Peru in their itineraries. Arriving to port of Callao or Pisco.
Rental Car
Most major international rental car companies and several local ones have offices in Peru's major cities and at Jorge Chávez International Airport. Advance reservations are recommended (vehicles can be reserved abroad). To rent a car; one must be over 21 years of age and in possession of a valid international driving license and an international credit card.
Machupicchu Magical Travel Agency, Tourist Package in Perú: WEB SITE: http://www.tourmachupicchutravel.com/ Telephone number: +51-84-254571 / +51949755958 (whatsapp)
Wednesday, May 12, 2010
Machupicchu Orchids Paradise
Waqanki Tale (*)
"In the kingdom of the Andes there was a beautiful young princess. She fell in love with a brave and handsome warrior of the Inca. Once her father, knew of the love affair, he prohibited any relationship between them because the princess was destined for the Sun God.
When the princess learned of his decision, she ran over the Andes, crying for her forbidden love and was turned into the beautiful "Waqanki" flower. So, each time the warrior found this flower in the Andes, he also would cry remembering his lost love"
The spirit of beauty is still there, expressed also in our days in a song that we can hear even now:
"You will cry, my most beautiful flower
with your pretty eyes.
Because of you
jealousy surrounds me.
To you, I am betrothed,
beautiful Waqanki,
Flower blooming in the heights.
What shall your song be
when I carry you
In my heart"
(*) This is the only testimony of appreciation of the orchids that existed in the empire of the Incas and has been preserved until the present day through oral transmission.
The meandering paths and trails on the Machu Picchu Pueblo Hotel grounds are designed to provide the guests with unparalleled opportunities to observe and explore on foot the impressive wealth of orchids at the Sanctuary. Bromeliad fanciers and bird watchers will spot many specimens, as well. The three walks vary in length, difficulty and frequency of use.
It is believed there are some 350 native species in the Machu Picchu Sanctuary. More than a hundred of these may be easily seen in these orchid trails, in their natural habitat.
The Ñusta Orchid Walk
Is the first area that guests see. Ñusta was the official title of the Royal princess of the Inca Empire. This paved walkway was painstakingly hand-cut and laid by indigenous stonecutters in the tradition of their ancestors. The path meanders through the Hotel grounds around casitas that lodge guests in gardens so carefully crafted that they appear entirely natural. Visitors immediately enjoy the sight of orchids from the tranquillity of their windows, and exotics orchid plants that are carefully identified and described to provide botanical information on the marvels at hand.
The Imperial Orchid Trail
Is also located on Hotel property. In these natural retreats we learn more about native orchids and theirs growing habits. Again, we will recognize terrestrial, or ground-growing orchids as well as epiphytic orchids, which are "air plants" that grow attached to trees and shrubs, deriving their nutrients from de air. Along this trail, accompanied by the trill of exotic birds, we will undoubtedly observe exquisite orchids which centuries ago delighted Inca rulers and subjects alike. From either, you might have the unforgettable experience of sighting one of the exotic birds native to the Sanctuary, such as the "Gallito de las Rocas" the brilliant orange and black "Cock of the Rocs" (Rupicola Peruviana).
The Orchids Explorers' Trail
The old mountain trail used by Hiram Bingham on his way to Machu Picchu, is carefully designed to be an exiting and educational orchid identification search which will familiarize the trekker with several different orchid habitats. The walk begins in avocado orchard and a vegetable garden belonging to the Hotel and continues as a hike up into the higher-altitude of the Urubamba Valley canyons, which reach 2460 meters / 8000 ft. above sea level. The emotion of seeing orchids suspend over rushing water or contrasted against brilliant blues skies will be your most treasured souvenir. Strict Hotel rules require that all trails be visited only during daylight hours and that, without exception, guest be accompanied on their explorations by a Hotel designated guide or interpreter.
Anguloa Virginalis
This is a large, terrestrial, trifoliate plant with dark green pseudo-bulbs.
Flowers: From September to December; it bears single, medium-sized, creamy white flowers with purple-rose spots on sepals, petals and lip.
Habitat/Distribution: It grows in dense shade in the cloud forest and has a widely extended habitat stretching from the north of Peru, in the Cordillera del Cóndor, to the south in the high cloud forest of the Department of Puno. The Anguloa is the most common orchid in Peru.
Epidendrum Schomburgkii
Impressive because of this height and the size of its flowers, this terrestrial plant forms great masses when growing well. It has stems from 1 to 1.5 meters / 3 to 5 feet tall.
Flowers: Its flower are among the biggest of the Epidendrum, 5 to 10 cm / 2 to 3 inches. They are brilliant orange and appear from September to December, before the rainy season.
Habitat/Distribution: Terrestrial plant. Native to the Central Forest of Peru, grows at altitudes around 1 500 meters / 5 000 feet.
Zygopetalum Intermedium
These plants grow in the ground and have ovoid-conic pseudo-bulbs with 3 or 4 leaves at the apex.
Flowers: Three to six large flowers hang in clusters from the peduncle. They are green, heavily mixed with light crimson. Sepals and petals are the same color, a white lip is adorned with purple veins. It flowers from September to December.
Habitat/Distribution: Terrestrial. A common species in cloud forest areas at about 1 500 mt. / 5 000 ft.
"In the kingdom of the Andes there was a beautiful young princess. She fell in love with a brave and handsome warrior of the Inca. Once her father, knew of the love affair, he prohibited any relationship between them because the princess was destined for the Sun God.
When the princess learned of his decision, she ran over the Andes, crying for her forbidden love and was turned into the beautiful "Waqanki" flower. So, each time the warrior found this flower in the Andes, he also would cry remembering his lost love"
The spirit of beauty is still there, expressed also in our days in a song that we can hear even now:
"You will cry, my most beautiful flower
with your pretty eyes.
Because of you
jealousy surrounds me.
To you, I am betrothed,
beautiful Waqanki,
Flower blooming in the heights.
What shall your song be
when I carry you
In my heart"
(*) This is the only testimony of appreciation of the orchids that existed in the empire of the Incas and has been preserved until the present day through oral transmission.
The meandering paths and trails on the Machu Picchu Pueblo Hotel grounds are designed to provide the guests with unparalleled opportunities to observe and explore on foot the impressive wealth of orchids at the Sanctuary. Bromeliad fanciers and bird watchers will spot many specimens, as well. The three walks vary in length, difficulty and frequency of use.
It is believed there are some 350 native species in the Machu Picchu Sanctuary. More than a hundred of these may be easily seen in these orchid trails, in their natural habitat.
The Ñusta Orchid Walk
Is the first area that guests see. Ñusta was the official title of the Royal princess of the Inca Empire. This paved walkway was painstakingly hand-cut and laid by indigenous stonecutters in the tradition of their ancestors. The path meanders through the Hotel grounds around casitas that lodge guests in gardens so carefully crafted that they appear entirely natural. Visitors immediately enjoy the sight of orchids from the tranquillity of their windows, and exotics orchid plants that are carefully identified and described to provide botanical information on the marvels at hand.
The Imperial Orchid Trail
Is also located on Hotel property. In these natural retreats we learn more about native orchids and theirs growing habits. Again, we will recognize terrestrial, or ground-growing orchids as well as epiphytic orchids, which are "air plants" that grow attached to trees and shrubs, deriving their nutrients from de air. Along this trail, accompanied by the trill of exotic birds, we will undoubtedly observe exquisite orchids which centuries ago delighted Inca rulers and subjects alike. From either, you might have the unforgettable experience of sighting one of the exotic birds native to the Sanctuary, such as the "Gallito de las Rocas" the brilliant orange and black "Cock of the Rocs" (Rupicola Peruviana).
The Orchids Explorers' Trail
The old mountain trail used by Hiram Bingham on his way to Machu Picchu, is carefully designed to be an exiting and educational orchid identification search which will familiarize the trekker with several different orchid habitats. The walk begins in avocado orchard and a vegetable garden belonging to the Hotel and continues as a hike up into the higher-altitude of the Urubamba Valley canyons, which reach 2460 meters / 8000 ft. above sea level. The emotion of seeing orchids suspend over rushing water or contrasted against brilliant blues skies will be your most treasured souvenir. Strict Hotel rules require that all trails be visited only during daylight hours and that, without exception, guest be accompanied on their explorations by a Hotel designated guide or interpreter.
Anguloa Virginalis
This is a large, terrestrial, trifoliate plant with dark green pseudo-bulbs.
Flowers: From September to December; it bears single, medium-sized, creamy white flowers with purple-rose spots on sepals, petals and lip.
Habitat/Distribution: It grows in dense shade in the cloud forest and has a widely extended habitat stretching from the north of Peru, in the Cordillera del Cóndor, to the south in the high cloud forest of the Department of Puno. The Anguloa is the most common orchid in Peru.
Epidendrum Schomburgkii
Impressive because of this height and the size of its flowers, this terrestrial plant forms great masses when growing well. It has stems from 1 to 1.5 meters / 3 to 5 feet tall.
Flowers: Its flower are among the biggest of the Epidendrum, 5 to 10 cm / 2 to 3 inches. They are brilliant orange and appear from September to December, before the rainy season.
Habitat/Distribution: Terrestrial plant. Native to the Central Forest of Peru, grows at altitudes around 1 500 meters / 5 000 feet.
Zygopetalum Intermedium
These plants grow in the ground and have ovoid-conic pseudo-bulbs with 3 or 4 leaves at the apex.
Flowers: Three to six large flowers hang in clusters from the peduncle. They are green, heavily mixed with light crimson. Sepals and petals are the same color, a white lip is adorned with purple veins. It flowers from September to December.
Habitat/Distribution: Terrestrial. A common species in cloud forest areas at about 1 500 mt. / 5 000 ft.
Inka Trail - The New 7 Wonder of the World
Part of the 23,000 kilometers (approximately 14,000 miles) of roads built by the Incas in South America, this is Peru's most famous trekking route and possibly one of the most spectacular in the Americas. Every year; some 25,000 hikers from around the world walk along the extraordinary 43 kilometers of this stone-paved road built by the Incas leading to the unassailable citadel of Machu Picchu located in the depth of the Cuzco jungle. The journey starts in the village of Qorihuayrachina, at kilometer 88 of the Cuzco - Quillabamba railway and takes three or four days of strenuous walking. The route includes an impressive variety of altitudes, climates and ecosystems that range from the high Andean plain to the cloud forest. Travelers will cross two high altitude passes (the highest being Warmiwañuska at 4,200 m.a.s.l.) to culminate the hike with a magical entrance to Machu Picchu through the Inti Punko or Gateway of the Sun.
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu
One of the main attractions along the route is the web of ancient settlements built in granite rock by the Incas like Wiñay Wayna and Phuyupatamarca immersed in an overpowering natural scenery. Hundreds of species of orchids, multicolored birds and dreamlike landscapes provide the ideal backstage for a route that every hiker should walk at least once.
Description of the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu rout
Based on traditional 4 days / 3 nights tour.
The total distance of the trail is approximately 39.6 Km. and begins at Km. 88 at a place called Q'oriwayrachina. To begin the trail, you must cross the Kusichaca bridge, (an important Inca bridge which using Inca techniques, has been built with steel cables which allow visitors to cross the Urubamba River). Then you head over to the left bank through a Eucalyptus grove and start the day calmly.
Almost immediately, you will come across the archaeological complexes of Q'ente, Pulpituyoc, Kusichaca and Patallaca. From this last spot, follow the trail along the left side of the Kusichaca River in the area with the same name where you will not only see the bridge but also you will find tombs, aqueducts, terraces. roads and a canyon. Continue until you reach the small peasant village of Wayllabamba and Inca aqueducts. It takes around four hours to cover the 9 Km up to this spot. One can camp here for the first night, but for comfort we recommend staying in Llullucha 1.6 Km further on.
The second day is more difficult as the hiker will have to climb up to 4,200 meters, crossing the Warmiwañusqa pass, the first and the highest. If you suffer from "soroche" (altitude sickness) it is best not to stop and descend quickly to the valley of the Pakaymayu River, where you can camp. This spot is 7 Km away and an approximate eight-hour walk. Inca trail
The third day is the longest but most interesting. You will be able to visit impressive archaeological complexes such as Runkuraqay, the second pass, at 3,800 meters above sea level. This is a walled complex with interior niches that perhaps was a small place for rest, guard post and worship place. After crossing the second pass, descend to Yanacocha (the black lagoon), to then climb up a path with stone steps until you reach another cluster of buildings which attracts the attention of visitors. This spot is called Sayaqmarka a pre Hispanic complex with narrow streets, buildings erected on different levels; shrines, patios, canals and a protecting outer wall. At the top of the buttress one can see many constructions which lead one to suppose they once were a temple and an astronomic observatory which had a permanent supply of water and excellent food storehouses.
Sayaqmarka is a place filled with mystery and enchantment. The approximate distance to Runkuraqay is 5 Km, which takes 2 hours. This complex lies at 3,600 meters above sea level. There are excellent paths and a tunnel through this complex. We recommend you camp near the Phuyupatamarca ruins or 3 Km further on at the Wiñay Wayna Visitors Center, where one can buy food and drinks or use the bathrooms. The Phuyupatamarca ruins are better preserved than those seen before now.
It has a solid base built down to several meters in some cases. The Wiñay Wayna ruins were given the name possibly because of the abundance of a beautiful type of orchid which flowers nearly year-round in the whole area. The Peruvian government and the Viking Fund signed an agreement in 1940 to investigate the area, and sent the Wenner Gren expedition led by Professor Paul Fejos. But despite the expedition, there is no precise information about the specific function of six groups of dwellings near Machu Picchu. They are divided up into four well-defined sectors which are: the agricultural sector with many terraces, the religious sector, the fountain sector and the residential sector where the houses are located.
On the fourth day, which starts around 8 A.M., the walker arrives at Machu Picchu at around 11 A.M. after 8 Km of hiking through the jungle. Follow the signaled route and drink some water at the Wiñay Wayna Visitors Center. The path is clearly marked but try to avoid getting too close to the cliff edge.
It is forbidden to camp in Inti Punko. Leave your equipment at the control gate and enjoy getting to know the most important monument in this part of ; the continent. You have time to walk around Machu Picchu until mid-after-noon. Check train timetables to return to Cuzco.
If you plan to stay in the town of Machu Picchu (Last called "Aguas Calientes"), the distance from the station of Puente Ruinas to Machu Picchu is 2 Km. It takes around 20 minutes to walk down a narrow path which runs parallel to the train line.
We recommend you check for trains before walking the path.
Source: PromPeru Inca trail Peru
Climate and Environment
The climate is relatively mild all year- round, with heavy rains from November to March, and dry and hot weather from April to October, which is a recommendable time to visit. The annual minimal temperature runs from 8° to 11.2°C. In the months of June, July and August the temperature can often fall below zero. I
The annual maximum temperature varies from 20.4° to 26.6°C. The terrain is fairly jagged, with many gullies and streams fed by glaciers which eventually pour into the Urubamba river, which crosses the area forming a deep valley which runs through the granite base of Vilcabamba for more than 40 Km through a variety of eco-systems.
Landscape
The natural surroundings are impressive and the balance achieved between nature and Inca architecture is striking.
The Vilcabamba mountain range boasts peaks higher than 6,000 meters such as Salcantay and Huamantay among others. The blend of mountains, jungles and valleys create a fantasy world where the spectacular dawn and sunset are shrouded in mystery.
Fauna
This is abundant and varied. The existence of species in danger of extinction such as the spectacled bear (Tremarctos omatus), the Andean Cock-of-the-Rocks (Rupicola peruviana), the dwarf deer (Pudu mephistopheles), etc. was one of the reasons why the government decided to declare it a Conservation Unit.
The park includes species like the puma, Andean fox, river otter, Taruka (Huemul deer), wildcat, ferret, etc. There are birds in Machu Picchu like the Mountain Caracara, hummingbirds, torrent duck, parrots, wild turkey, and many other colorful smaller birds. There are also reptiles like the jergon bothrops and the coral micrurus snake (lethal for its venom), lizards, frogs, and numerous Andean and jungle fauna which inhabit the Sanctuary. This abundant wildlife makes the Sanctuary of Machu Picchu ideal for tourists and researchers who wish to watch or study the animals.
Flora
The large natural areas are filled with a variety of forest species which vary according to the habitat. The forest vegetation is represented by trees such as cedar, romerillo or intimpa, laurel, etc. There are also species like Ocotea, Pedocarpus, Guarea, Weinmania, Clusia, Cedropia, Cinchena, Eritrina or Pisonay, and Ilex among others. The decorative plants have made the Sanctuary famous. Experts have identified more than 90 species of orchids, and many species of begonias and puya cacti. Most of the area is covered by herbaceous, shrub like and arboreal plants. The varied conditions have created an ideal environment for the growth of diverse plant life that runs from thick jungle like the cloud forest to the sparsely covered mountain tops.
Archaeology
Apart from everything that has been mentioned, there is also the Incas cultural heritage. The Inca Trail which was well built, crosses dense forests and deep canyons. There are 18 archaeological complexes dotted along the trail which can be seen in all their splendor. These are made up of housing, irrigation canals, agricultural terracing, walls and shrines, which are irrefutable proof of the existence of important human settlements.
Tourist Facilities - Inca Trail to Machu Picchu
Lodging in Machu Picchu - Hotels in Machu Picchu
There are some alternatives, a 3 stars hotel located in Machu Picchu's citadel, in the high part of the mountain. Also in the town of Machu Picchu (last called Aguas Calientes), located in the valley, from where we start our climbing to Machu Picchu, has services of 5 stars hotels and lodgings.
Hot Springs
At a distance of 800 m. east of the town of Machu Picchu, there are under ground hot sulfur springs which bubble up from the rocky under ground at varying temperatures. The especially-built pools at this resort are the basis of its use as hot mineral baths. The average temperature of the water runs from 38° to 46°C. There are also changing rooms, bathroom sand a small snack bar.
Train to Machu Picchu
In order to get to Kilometer 88 one can go by train from Cuzco or Ollantaytambo. Another alternative to get to Kilometer 88 is to go by automotive transportation to Chilca at Km. 77 and down by car to Km. 88.
Road Transport
The only way to return from Machu Picchu or Aguas Calientes to Cuzco is by train. Check all train timetables.
Tourist Transportation
There is a fleet of mini-buses that link the Puente Ruinas station via a narrow, winding road to the top of hill - Machu Picchu complex. The drive takes approximately 20 minutes to get there and another 20 minutes back.
The service runs all day, though the frequency depends on the amount of tourists.
There is a trail between Puente de Ruinas and the Machu Picchu complex. The walk takes approximately 1 hour.
Signposting
There are signposts located in different parts of the trail using a series of words and international symbols. In the majority of places, these signs give the walker the necessary information about a certain spot, its climate, distances and services.
These signs are classified into information, prevention and restriction.
RULES GOVERNING THE VISIT OF TOURISTS:
Every person who enters the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu and uses the authorized trekking routes must heed the following rules provided by government authorities:
*
Give requested information to authorities and official entities.
*
Pay the entrance fee to the Inca Trail or other path.
*
Do not litter !!!
*
Use public installations without deteriorating or destroying them.
*
Do not make campfires. Inca trail
*
It is strictly forbidden to extract, depredate or buy any variety of flora in the Machu Picchu Historic Shrine.
*
It is strictly forbidden to capture, hunt, depredate or buy any wildlife in the Sanctuary.
*
Camp only in the places indicated. It is forbidden to camp inside archaeological constructions or restricted areas.
*
Behave in orderly fashion so as not to disturb other hikers.
Any violation of any of these rules will lead to police or park guards intervention so as to enforce the respective sanction. Respect the rules and avoid unpleasant incidents.
HIKING TOURS IN MACHU PICCHU
Special Offers 2010: Tours "Inca Trail to Machu Picchu"
Reservations are only processed with 30 days of anticipation, to be able to obtain the corresponding permission
*
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu (2 days) - US $ 370 (Group services - Fixed departures)
* Inca Trail by Inkas Cusco (4 days) - US $ 409 (ISIC Card) (Daily departures)
*
Inca Trail (4 days) - US $ 454 (ISIC Card) (Daily departures)
*
Inca Trail Standard Class (4 days) - US $ 520 (Fixed departures)
*
Inca Trail Premium Class (4 days) - US $ 610 (Fixed departures)
*
The Sacred Inca Trail - Cuzco and Lima (9 days) - US $ 749
See our alternative trek: (Inca Trail tour)
* Trek to Choquequirao (5 days) - US $ 450 (Fixed departures)
* Salcantay - Machu Picchu Trek (5 Days) US $ 445 (Fixed departures)
* Salcantay Trek & Machu Picchu (5 Days) US $ 454
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu
One of the main attractions along the route is the web of ancient settlements built in granite rock by the Incas like Wiñay Wayna and Phuyupatamarca immersed in an overpowering natural scenery. Hundreds of species of orchids, multicolored birds and dreamlike landscapes provide the ideal backstage for a route that every hiker should walk at least once.
Description of the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu rout
Based on traditional 4 days / 3 nights tour.
The total distance of the trail is approximately 39.6 Km. and begins at Km. 88 at a place called Q'oriwayrachina. To begin the trail, you must cross the Kusichaca bridge, (an important Inca bridge which using Inca techniques, has been built with steel cables which allow visitors to cross the Urubamba River). Then you head over to the left bank through a Eucalyptus grove and start the day calmly.
Almost immediately, you will come across the archaeological complexes of Q'ente, Pulpituyoc, Kusichaca and Patallaca. From this last spot, follow the trail along the left side of the Kusichaca River in the area with the same name where you will not only see the bridge but also you will find tombs, aqueducts, terraces. roads and a canyon. Continue until you reach the small peasant village of Wayllabamba and Inca aqueducts. It takes around four hours to cover the 9 Km up to this spot. One can camp here for the first night, but for comfort we recommend staying in Llullucha 1.6 Km further on.
The second day is more difficult as the hiker will have to climb up to 4,200 meters, crossing the Warmiwañusqa pass, the first and the highest. If you suffer from "soroche" (altitude sickness) it is best not to stop and descend quickly to the valley of the Pakaymayu River, where you can camp. This spot is 7 Km away and an approximate eight-hour walk. Inca trail
The third day is the longest but most interesting. You will be able to visit impressive archaeological complexes such as Runkuraqay, the second pass, at 3,800 meters above sea level. This is a walled complex with interior niches that perhaps was a small place for rest, guard post and worship place. After crossing the second pass, descend to Yanacocha (the black lagoon), to then climb up a path with stone steps until you reach another cluster of buildings which attracts the attention of visitors. This spot is called Sayaqmarka a pre Hispanic complex with narrow streets, buildings erected on different levels; shrines, patios, canals and a protecting outer wall. At the top of the buttress one can see many constructions which lead one to suppose they once were a temple and an astronomic observatory which had a permanent supply of water and excellent food storehouses.
Sayaqmarka is a place filled with mystery and enchantment. The approximate distance to Runkuraqay is 5 Km, which takes 2 hours. This complex lies at 3,600 meters above sea level. There are excellent paths and a tunnel through this complex. We recommend you camp near the Phuyupatamarca ruins or 3 Km further on at the Wiñay Wayna Visitors Center, where one can buy food and drinks or use the bathrooms. The Phuyupatamarca ruins are better preserved than those seen before now.
It has a solid base built down to several meters in some cases. The Wiñay Wayna ruins were given the name possibly because of the abundance of a beautiful type of orchid which flowers nearly year-round in the whole area. The Peruvian government and the Viking Fund signed an agreement in 1940 to investigate the area, and sent the Wenner Gren expedition led by Professor Paul Fejos. But despite the expedition, there is no precise information about the specific function of six groups of dwellings near Machu Picchu. They are divided up into four well-defined sectors which are: the agricultural sector with many terraces, the religious sector, the fountain sector and the residential sector where the houses are located.
On the fourth day, which starts around 8 A.M., the walker arrives at Machu Picchu at around 11 A.M. after 8 Km of hiking through the jungle. Follow the signaled route and drink some water at the Wiñay Wayna Visitors Center. The path is clearly marked but try to avoid getting too close to the cliff edge.
It is forbidden to camp in Inti Punko. Leave your equipment at the control gate and enjoy getting to know the most important monument in this part of ; the continent. You have time to walk around Machu Picchu until mid-after-noon. Check train timetables to return to Cuzco.
If you plan to stay in the town of Machu Picchu (Last called "Aguas Calientes"), the distance from the station of Puente Ruinas to Machu Picchu is 2 Km. It takes around 20 minutes to walk down a narrow path which runs parallel to the train line.
We recommend you check for trains before walking the path.
Source: PromPeru Inca trail Peru
Climate and Environment
The climate is relatively mild all year- round, with heavy rains from November to March, and dry and hot weather from April to October, which is a recommendable time to visit. The annual minimal temperature runs from 8° to 11.2°C. In the months of June, July and August the temperature can often fall below zero. I
The annual maximum temperature varies from 20.4° to 26.6°C. The terrain is fairly jagged, with many gullies and streams fed by glaciers which eventually pour into the Urubamba river, which crosses the area forming a deep valley which runs through the granite base of Vilcabamba for more than 40 Km through a variety of eco-systems.
Landscape
The natural surroundings are impressive and the balance achieved between nature and Inca architecture is striking.
The Vilcabamba mountain range boasts peaks higher than 6,000 meters such as Salcantay and Huamantay among others. The blend of mountains, jungles and valleys create a fantasy world where the spectacular dawn and sunset are shrouded in mystery.
Fauna
This is abundant and varied. The existence of species in danger of extinction such as the spectacled bear (Tremarctos omatus), the Andean Cock-of-the-Rocks (Rupicola peruviana), the dwarf deer (Pudu mephistopheles), etc. was one of the reasons why the government decided to declare it a Conservation Unit.
The park includes species like the puma, Andean fox, river otter, Taruka (Huemul deer), wildcat, ferret, etc. There are birds in Machu Picchu like the Mountain Caracara, hummingbirds, torrent duck, parrots, wild turkey, and many other colorful smaller birds. There are also reptiles like the jergon bothrops and the coral micrurus snake (lethal for its venom), lizards, frogs, and numerous Andean and jungle fauna which inhabit the Sanctuary. This abundant wildlife makes the Sanctuary of Machu Picchu ideal for tourists and researchers who wish to watch or study the animals.
Flora
The large natural areas are filled with a variety of forest species which vary according to the habitat. The forest vegetation is represented by trees such as cedar, romerillo or intimpa, laurel, etc. There are also species like Ocotea, Pedocarpus, Guarea, Weinmania, Clusia, Cedropia, Cinchena, Eritrina or Pisonay, and Ilex among others. The decorative plants have made the Sanctuary famous. Experts have identified more than 90 species of orchids, and many species of begonias and puya cacti. Most of the area is covered by herbaceous, shrub like and arboreal plants. The varied conditions have created an ideal environment for the growth of diverse plant life that runs from thick jungle like the cloud forest to the sparsely covered mountain tops.
Archaeology
Apart from everything that has been mentioned, there is also the Incas cultural heritage. The Inca Trail which was well built, crosses dense forests and deep canyons. There are 18 archaeological complexes dotted along the trail which can be seen in all their splendor. These are made up of housing, irrigation canals, agricultural terracing, walls and shrines, which are irrefutable proof of the existence of important human settlements.
Tourist Facilities - Inca Trail to Machu Picchu
Lodging in Machu Picchu - Hotels in Machu Picchu
There are some alternatives, a 3 stars hotel located in Machu Picchu's citadel, in the high part of the mountain. Also in the town of Machu Picchu (last called Aguas Calientes), located in the valley, from where we start our climbing to Machu Picchu, has services of 5 stars hotels and lodgings.
Hot Springs
At a distance of 800 m. east of the town of Machu Picchu, there are under ground hot sulfur springs which bubble up from the rocky under ground at varying temperatures. The especially-built pools at this resort are the basis of its use as hot mineral baths. The average temperature of the water runs from 38° to 46°C. There are also changing rooms, bathroom sand a small snack bar.
Train to Machu Picchu
In order to get to Kilometer 88 one can go by train from Cuzco or Ollantaytambo. Another alternative to get to Kilometer 88 is to go by automotive transportation to Chilca at Km. 77 and down by car to Km. 88.
Road Transport
The only way to return from Machu Picchu or Aguas Calientes to Cuzco is by train. Check all train timetables.
Tourist Transportation
There is a fleet of mini-buses that link the Puente Ruinas station via a narrow, winding road to the top of hill - Machu Picchu complex. The drive takes approximately 20 minutes to get there and another 20 minutes back.
The service runs all day, though the frequency depends on the amount of tourists.
There is a trail between Puente de Ruinas and the Machu Picchu complex. The walk takes approximately 1 hour.
Signposting
There are signposts located in different parts of the trail using a series of words and international symbols. In the majority of places, these signs give the walker the necessary information about a certain spot, its climate, distances and services.
These signs are classified into information, prevention and restriction.
RULES GOVERNING THE VISIT OF TOURISTS:
Every person who enters the Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu and uses the authorized trekking routes must heed the following rules provided by government authorities:
*
Give requested information to authorities and official entities.
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Pay the entrance fee to the Inca Trail or other path.
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Do not litter !!!
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Use public installations without deteriorating or destroying them.
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Do not make campfires. Inca trail
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It is strictly forbidden to extract, depredate or buy any variety of flora in the Machu Picchu Historic Shrine.
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It is strictly forbidden to capture, hunt, depredate or buy any wildlife in the Sanctuary.
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Camp only in the places indicated. It is forbidden to camp inside archaeological constructions or restricted areas.
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Behave in orderly fashion so as not to disturb other hikers.
Any violation of any of these rules will lead to police or park guards intervention so as to enforce the respective sanction. Respect the rules and avoid unpleasant incidents.
HIKING TOURS IN MACHU PICCHU
Special Offers 2010: Tours "Inca Trail to Machu Picchu"
Reservations are only processed with 30 days of anticipation, to be able to obtain the corresponding permission
*
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu (2 days) - US $ 370 (Group services - Fixed departures)
* Inca Trail by Inkas Cusco (4 days) - US $ 409 (ISIC Card) (Daily departures)
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Inca Trail (4 days) - US $ 454 (ISIC Card) (Daily departures)
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Inca Trail Standard Class (4 days) - US $ 520 (Fixed departures)
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Inca Trail Premium Class (4 days) - US $ 610 (Fixed departures)
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The Sacred Inca Trail - Cuzco and Lima (9 days) - US $ 749
See our alternative trek: (Inca Trail tour)
* Trek to Choquequirao (5 days) - US $ 450 (Fixed departures)
* Salcantay - Machu Picchu Trek (5 Days) US $ 445 (Fixed departures)
* Salcantay Trek & Machu Picchu (5 Days) US $ 454
How to arrive to Machu Picchu?
Walking, "The Inca trail"
For those that have about seven exclusive days for the visit to Machu Picchu and also are adventure lovers, the walk through the "Inca trail" is recommended. This route has become the favorite of many tourists and only last year, more than 15 thousand people followed these roads to arrive to Machu Picchu.
This hiking begins in the 82 kilometer of the railroad Cusco - Aguas Calientes, in Ollantaytambo. Leaded by guides and in groups not smaller than 10; you arrive to Machu Picchu after 4 days, after traveling 40 kms. (24.85 miles) by the old Inca stone road, on the edge of the Urubamba canyon. The road crosses the Inca ruins of Patallacta, Huallabamba, Runku Rakay, Sayacmarca, Phuyu Pata Marca and Wiñaywayna. Besides captivating natural landscapes, water falls, tunnels, abundant flora and fauna, amid the exuberant vegetation for being near the forest, with view to the snowy mountains, and with pure air free of any vestige of contamination; ideal for birdwatching. The service of mountain guides, includes all the equipment, feeding, tents, carriers, etc.
Exist routes for hiking of smaller duration; one that leaves from the 104 km. of the railroad crosses the ruins of Wiñaywayna and after few hours you arrive to Machu Picchu.
In all these routes lodgings of "Instituto Nacional de Cultura" (National Institute of Culture) exist where you can spend the night, and the roads are signaled, in spite of it, it is recommended to hire the services of experienced mountain guides.
By Train
The traditional and most frequent is by train from Cusco to the station of Aguas Calientes. This service offers the following categories
"Autovagón" (Main wagon) (US $55): Daily departures at 6 a.m. and 9 a.m., boarding service, lunches; return at 3 p.m. and 6:30 p.m. the trip lasts an average of 3 hours and it is direct.
The train has the "Inca car" (US$45), "Pullman" (US$34) and the "Express" (US $19). Departures Monday to Saturday, at 6:25 a.m., 8:40 a.m. and 10:15 a.m. Return to Cusco at 4 p.m., 6 p.m. and 8:15 p.m. The trip lasts a little more than 3 hours, and it makes stops in some intermediate towns.
When arriving to Aguas Calientes, small buses can be taken that ascend the mountain and transport you to the citadel.
The train line runs parallel to some parts of the Urubamba River, and the trip itself is a show for the beautiful landscapes that you observe.
Helicopter
Another option is a flight in a helicopter from Cusco to Aguas Calientes, ideal for those who only have little time and a better budget.
For those that have about seven exclusive days for the visit to Machu Picchu and also are adventure lovers, the walk through the "Inca trail" is recommended. This route has become the favorite of many tourists and only last year, more than 15 thousand people followed these roads to arrive to Machu Picchu.
This hiking begins in the 82 kilometer of the railroad Cusco - Aguas Calientes, in Ollantaytambo. Leaded by guides and in groups not smaller than 10; you arrive to Machu Picchu after 4 days, after traveling 40 kms. (24.85 miles) by the old Inca stone road, on the edge of the Urubamba canyon. The road crosses the Inca ruins of Patallacta, Huallabamba, Runku Rakay, Sayacmarca, Phuyu Pata Marca and Wiñaywayna. Besides captivating natural landscapes, water falls, tunnels, abundant flora and fauna, amid the exuberant vegetation for being near the forest, with view to the snowy mountains, and with pure air free of any vestige of contamination; ideal for birdwatching. The service of mountain guides, includes all the equipment, feeding, tents, carriers, etc.
Exist routes for hiking of smaller duration; one that leaves from the 104 km. of the railroad crosses the ruins of Wiñaywayna and after few hours you arrive to Machu Picchu.
In all these routes lodgings of "Instituto Nacional de Cultura" (National Institute of Culture) exist where you can spend the night, and the roads are signaled, in spite of it, it is recommended to hire the services of experienced mountain guides.
By Train
The traditional and most frequent is by train from Cusco to the station of Aguas Calientes. This service offers the following categories
"Autovagón" (Main wagon) (US $55): Daily departures at 6 a.m. and 9 a.m., boarding service, lunches; return at 3 p.m. and 6:30 p.m. the trip lasts an average of 3 hours and it is direct.
The train has the "Inca car" (US$45), "Pullman" (US$34) and the "Express" (US $19). Departures Monday to Saturday, at 6:25 a.m., 8:40 a.m. and 10:15 a.m. Return to Cusco at 4 p.m., 6 p.m. and 8:15 p.m. The trip lasts a little more than 3 hours, and it makes stops in some intermediate towns.
When arriving to Aguas Calientes, small buses can be taken that ascend the mountain and transport you to the citadel.
The train line runs parallel to some parts of the Urubamba River, and the trip itself is a show for the beautiful landscapes that you observe.
Helicopter
Another option is a flight in a helicopter from Cusco to Aguas Calientes, ideal for those who only have little time and a better budget.
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